Parse has developed the human becoming theory that is unique to nursing. Human becoming is a unitary construct referring to the human being is living health. She synthesized concepts from Roger’s science of unitary human beings and existential phenomenological thought.
This article examined the Parse’s human becoming theory and critiqued by Kim’s Coherence model. The critique criteria utilized a five level analysis framework for evaluation theoretical work in nursing of Hesook Suzie Kim.
1. The philosophy of science level : Parse’s human becoming theory, intentionally structured as a unique human science nursing, accurately reflects the ontology and epistemology of human science philosophy.
2. The metaparadigm level : Parse’s theory of human becoming deal with the client domain concept.
3. The Nursing philosophy level : From existential - phenomenological thought, Parse drew the tenets of intentionality and human subjectivity and the corresponding concepts of coconstitution, coexistence, and situated freedom. Parse’s theory lays a foundation for a nursing science that is grounded in the meaning of lived experience in the human universe process. The nurse as living unity in true presence joins persons and families in journey of illuminating meaning, synchronizing rhythms, and mobilizing transcendence. The goal of nursing is the quality of life from the person’s perspective.
4. The paradigm level : Parse presents her theory as emerging from the human science paradigm and she remains congruent with those philosophical underpinnings throughout her work. The two major paradigms identified in nursing are the totality paradigm and simultaneity paradigm.
5. The theory level : The theory focuses on the lived experience of unitary human beings in continuous interrelationship with their worlds. Human becoming theory is broad in scope and applicable to individuals, families, or communities in change or crisis. The concepts are highly abstract and theoretical, but they can be observed in situation nurses encounter daily. As the purpose of the theoretical structure is to guide nursing practice and research, its usefulness will be more fully appreciated by practice, education and research
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